Internet Connectivity: In today’s era, Internet is not just a source of entertainment but has also become an important part of banking, communication, education and security. In such a situation, when suddenly the entire country or a large area goes offline, the question arises that how do governments stop internet connectivity so easily. The reality is that both technical and legal methods work behind this.
The most common method of internet shutdown
Governments usually order telecom companies to shut down internet services. All the mobile network and broadband service providers in the country work under government instructions. As soon as the order is received, companies block mobile data, broadband or both within minutes. For this reason the Internet suddenly disappears on a large scale.
How DNS and IP blocking stops the internet
Many times, instead of shutting down the entire Internet, governments block specific websites or platforms. For this, DNS blocking or IP blocking is used. When a user tries to open a website, his request does not reach the server. Social media, messaging apps or news websites are blocked in this manner.
Why is the mobile network closed but the call continues?
It is often seen that the internet gets shut down but calling and SMS services remain operational. This is because voice and data run on different systems in mobile networks. The government gives instructions to shut down data services only as per requirement so that rumors and online activities can be stopped but essential calling can continue.
Role of undersea cable and gateway control
In some countries, governments also control international Internet gateways. The country gets global internet only through undersea internet cables and international gateways. Due to the control over these gateways, the government can completely cut off external internet access if it wishes, due to which the country becomes almost completely offline.
Internet shutdown in the name of law and security
Most internet shutdowns are done in the name of law and order, national security or emergency. In case of riots, protests or sensitive situations, governments believe that the Internet can become a major medium for spreading rumours. Therefore, connectivity is stopped as a precaution.
What is the impact on common people?
Internet shutdown has a direct impact on online payments, office work, studies and business. In the era of campaigns like Digital India, internet shutdown brings the daily life of common people to a standstill.
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