14 hours agoAuthor: Gaurav Tiwari
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Today is World Hemophilia Day. The World Federation of Hemophilia estimates that about 11 lakh people in the world have hemophilia and most of them are ignorant, that is, they do not know that they have hemophilia. National Bleeding Disorders estimates that 4 lakh 18 thousand people in the world have serious hemophilia and they are not aware of it.
Hemophilia is a rare, genetic blood disorder. In this, the amount of special protein required for clotting of blood in the body is very low or does not occur. This protein is also called clotting factor.
When the clotting factors are less or not, the blood does not stop and flows when it is hurt or cut. It is very difficult to stop. Many times people also die.
Therefore, we will talk about Hemophilia in ‘Sehtanama’ today. Will also know that-
- What are the symptoms of hemophilia?
- How is hemophilia?
- What is its treatment and how to manage?
What is hemophilia?
Dr. Dinesh Pendharkar, director of Sarvodaya Cancer Institute, says that have you ever noticed that blood stops automatically when hurt? This is because there are certain types of proteins present in the body, which are called clotting factors.
What are the symptoms of hemophilia?
Symptoms of hemophilia may vary according to the age of the person and the severity of the disease. Some common signs of this can be identified. The most common symptom of this is that even after a minor injury, bleeding keeps flowing for a long time. Blue or black marks are often seen in the body, which can be formed without any specific reason. See all the symptoms of this in graphic:
Why is hemophilia?
Dr. Dinesh Pendharkar says that hemophilia is a born disease. If someone in the family has this disease, then the coming generations can also occur. This is called genetic disorder in medicine. However, in some rare cases the disease can also develop later. If the body’s immune system refuses to identify the clotting factors of the blood and attacks them, then this condition is called acquired hemophilia. Its treatment is very difficult.
What kind of hemophilia is there?
There are 3 types of hemophilia. Blood contains many clotting factor, such as VIII, IX Factor. These VIII and IX factor are special proteins, which are essential for clotting. The types of hemophilia are distributed on the basis of their deficiency. See in graphic-
What complication can be done with hemophilia?
Hemophilia can cause many serious complications. The most common and dangerous problem is internal bleeding, which can occur in joints, muscles or in brain.
1. internal bleeding
The biggest danger in hemophilia is internal bleeding. Repeated bleeding in joints causes swelling, pain and difficulty in walking. If there is no treatment in time, joints can be damaged forever.
2. Brain Hemorrhage
This is a deadly condition. It is very rare, but if it happens then it is very serious. It shows symptoms like persistent headache, vomiting, double vision, fainting. It requires emergency treatment immediately.
3. Excessive bleeding
Even after normal works like injury, surgery or teeth, a lot of bleeding flows. This can cause anemia and weakness. Many times blood offering may be required.
4. To become inhibitors
Many times antibodies destroy the clotting factor present in the body. In this, treatment becomes ineffective and it becomes very difficult to control bleeding.
5. Dental and Surgical Complication
Treatment or surgery of teeth can also be difficult because even a small procedure can bleed a lot.
6. Muscles and Tissue Damage
If the bleeding is inside the muscles or tissue and keeps on repeatedly, then a hard knot can be made there. This can suppress the veins and the limbs can be numb.
How to diagnose it?
If a person sees the symptoms mentioned above, then the doctors first try to know the medical history. Especially the family history asks. After this some necessary blood tests are done:
- CBC (Complete Blood Count)- This leads to the condition of blood cells.
- PT and PTT Test- This gives the speed of blood freezing.
- Clotting Factor Test- This makes it clear which factor is low and how much is low.
What is the treatment of hemophilia?
Dr. Dinesh Pendharkar says that there is no permanent treatment for Hemophilia yet, but the good thing is that it can be managed. The most effective method of treatment is replacement therapy. In this, the body is given that clotting factor through injection, which has been reduced.
Apart from this, antifibrinolytic drugs are also given, which prevent blood clots in the body from breaking up. These factors are given regularly to serious patients so that it can be stopped before any bleeding.
What is important to take care of?
Hemophilia patients should take special care of themselves:
- Distance from sports: Made away from sports like football, boxing, skating, as they are more likely to fall or collide.
- Avoid some medicines: Medications such as aspirin, eyeburfen or warfarin dilute the blood, never take them. This may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Take care of teeth: Some infections can cause bleeding from the mouth. So regularize brushing, flossing and dental checkups.
- Keep weight control: Keep body weight balanced, so that the joints do not get pressure.
- Give information to your loved ones: Tell your family, friends and those working together in school-college or office about their illness. Also teach them what to do in emergency.
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